Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research
Understanding the differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods is crucial for selecting the appropriate approach in a study. Here's a breakdown:
1. Purpose
- Quantitative: To study relationships, cause, and effect.
- Qualitative: To examine a phenomenon as it is, in rich detail.
2. Design
- Quantitative: Developed prior to study.
- Qualitative: Flexible, evolves during study.
3. Approach
- Quantitative: Deductive; tests theory.
- Qualitative: Inductive; may generate theory.
4. Tools
- Quantitative: Uses preselected instruments.
- Qualitative: The researcher is the primary data collection tool.
5. Sample
- Quantitative: Uses large samples.
- Qualitative: Uses small samples.
6. Analysis
- Quantitative: Statistical analysis of numeric data.
- Qualitative: Narrative description and interpretation.
Each method has distinct advantages depending on the nature of the research question and the type of data being collected.